Over recent years, the artisanal and small-scale mining sector has received unprecedented levels of interest from producing governments, to consumer-facing companies sourcing components globally, to international NGOs calling for responsible sourcing of minerals used in batteries and electric vehicles. And with good reason. Artisanal and small-scale miners supply an increasing share of the world’s production of various commodities, such as construction minerals, precious stones, gold and cobalt. The industry employs an estimated 42.6 million people globally. To help maximise the contribution of the ASM sector to local economies, the OECD and the Extractive Industries Transparency initiative work together with actors from producing nations.